Economic Developments in Print

Activity one
Part 1:
They have said that there are newspapers that have cost more than £1 like the Daily Telegraph and same as the Independent while the financial times retail at £2 but sell the newspaper at 90p which they lose out on £1.10p.
Part 2:
That the prices of the newspapers have risen by 20p from £1-£1.20p on Monday-Friday papers and the weekend papers have also risen by 20p from £1.90-£2.10p. They also raised the price because of the rivals the newspaper has which are the Daily Telegraph, Times and The Independent which are cost at £1 but on saturdays they were priced at DT- 90p, T-£1.50p and TI- £1.60p which are high priced which they would need to put their prices higher so they will have a chance to make profit and get their newspaper publicity.

Activity two
Circulation is a newspaper circulation is the number of copies it distributes on an average day.

Readership is the readers of a newspaper, magazine, or book regarded collectively: "it has a readership of 100 million".

That the guardian is having a circulation of 230,541 on an average daily circulation which is good because that is a lot of copies which at the price of the guardian is quite good because it has raised up to £1.20p on the week days and on the weekend it has risen to £2.10p which is a goos pricing for the newspapers to be sold. On the week days they are making £1,383,246 and on the weekend they make £968,272.20p so if we can see they make a nice amount on money from an estimate with the statistics of the daily circulation and the prices of the newspapers. Its a broadsheet and not a tabloid because of the prices.


Activity three
The daily circulation has increased from 2010 to 2012 because the competition has got much harder to sell newspapers.
1. I believe that this is good because they are making more sales with the amount of daily circulations being produced.
2. The other reason is that because of the rivals they have made the increase in daily circulation.

Iconography in text shows the genre codes of narrative, characterization, themes and setting- a familiar stock of images or motifs, the connotations of which have become fixed; the visual things that are included are decor, costume and objects, certain 'typecast' performers, familiar patterns of dialogue, characters sound and music, and appropriate physical topography. Social realist who make films have used the term iconography of narrow streets lined with tiny urban dwellings in establishing shots of northern industrial towns to show economic hardship.

A french man called Roland Barthes introduced the concept of anchorage. Linguistic elements in a text (such as a caption) the preferred readings of an image (conversely the illustrative use of an image can anchor an ambiguous verbal text,

Denotation is defined as literal, obvious or commonsense meaning of a sign. In the case of linguistic signs, the denotative meaning is what the dictionary attempts to provide. So the linguistic sign " Ferrari" on an f450 spider denotate an Italian road car made by the makers Ferrari. The word connotation  is used to refer to the socio-cultural and personal associations of a sign. These are typically related to the interpreter's class, ages, gender and ethnicity. The word Ferrari would conotate high economic status and middle age because the people we see with the people you see having the cars and also the price of them. The signs are more open to interpretation in their conotation than their denotation.

Signfied(signifie): For Saussure, the sigmfier was one part of the sign. Saussure's signified is the mental concept represented by the signfier. Signfiers (signifiant): For Saussure, this was the other part of the sign. In the Saussurean tradition, the signfied is the form which a sign takes. Ferdinand Saussure proposed that a word or sign links a concept (signfied) with a sound or image (signfier). There relationship between the signfier and signfied is arbitrary. Words or signs are merely arbitrary man-made concepts sighnfiers on their own mean nothing. A sigh only has meaning as a part of a system. The meaning of words or signs emerges out of the differences that set them apart from other signs within the overarching system/structure. Modern semiotics involves the study not only of what we refer to as signs in everyday speech, but of anything which stands for something else. In a semiotic sense, signs take the form of words, images, sounds, gestures and objects. Comtemporay semioticians study signs not in isolation but as part of semiotic sign systems. They study how meaning are made: as such, being concerbed not only with comminication but also with the construction but also with the construction and maintenance of reality. Semiotics and that branch of linguistics known as semantics have a common concern with the meaning of signs, but whereas semantics focuses on what words mean, semiotics is concerned with how signs mean.

Ownership Channels

Public ownership group- Owned by the people. Example: BBC
                                       Money comes from the government or council.

Private ownership group- Media group. Example: Virgin
                                       Own many titles.

Independent ownership group- The owners only owe one shop. Example: Most newsagents and WHSmith-private company.

Daily Mirror
1. Trinity mirror
2. Private
3. International
4. Yes, it is multicultural because it can be bought abroad.
5. No, they get financed for being on the site.

The Times
1. News coroporation
2. Private
3. National
4. Not multinational
5. No, they get finance for being on the site.

London Evening Standard
1. Alexender Lebedev, Daily Mail and General Trust.
2. Private
3. Regional
4. Not multinational
5. Get finance from advertising

Soap and Print on Prezi

Narratives

Open and Closed narratives
Open is where there isn't a ending which means it will carry on and on, for example soap operas such as coronation street because at the end of each programme there is never a complete stop it carries on. Then a closed narrative is where it would come to an end so for example films because they start and always have a finish.

Single-strand and Multi-strand narratives
Single-strand is where there would be only one situation such as badman and multi-strand is where there is more then one situation such as all normal soaps such as coronation street and eastenders.

Series and Serials
Series would be such programmes as Friends because they would have a start and an end which would be separated into seasons because of the structure of always having a start and an end. Serials would be soaps because they just go on and on and don't stop.

Linear and non-linear
Linear goes forward and forward such as a film as the longest yard because they have a simple beginning, middle and ending. Then a non-linear would be a drama or film because you'll know the ending maybe before the middle and an example of this would be inside men which was a drama which you knew what happened at the end but find out how they did, what they did in the duration of the film or drama.

Realism, Realist and Anti-realist
 Realism is where it is internal logic to the film and the anti-realist when something goes against the films logic.




Denotation is literal understanding.
Connotation is what it means.

Sign - Signifiers - Signifieds
This was started by Ferdinand Saussure

Iconography- Motif

Anchorage- Helps us understand how something is meant to be understood.

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